青石斑鱼与卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼发育过程中脂肪特性及脂肪酸含量变化

定量研究了青石斑鱼(Epinephelus awoara)和卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)的卵黄囊仔鱼发育过程中脂肪特性及脂肪酸的变化。结果表明:两种仔鱼具有不同的脂肪组成,青石斑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂与极性脂比值为0.97～1.22;卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂与极性脂比值为1.88～3.21。两种卵黄囊仔鱼的总脂含量均随发育而逐步下降,且都主要消耗中性脂。青石斑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂内含量高的脂肪酸为:18∶1n-9,16∶0,DHA,16∶1和18∶0;极性脂中含量高的脂肪酸为:DHA,16∶0,18∶0和18∶1n-9。卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼中性脂中含量高的脂肪酸为:18∶1n-9,18∶2n-6,DHA,16∶4n-3和16∶0;极性脂中含量高的脂肪酸为:DHA,16∶0,18∶1n-9和18∶2n-6。青石斑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼发育至2日龄时中性脂主要脂肪酸均显著下降;而卵形鲳鲹卵黄囊仔鱼发育至1日龄时中性脂主要脂肪酸均显著下降。两种卵黄囊仔鱼极性脂中的主要脂肪酸均在1日龄时显著升高。上述结果表明尽管脂肪和脂肪酸组成存在显著差异,但青石斑鱼和卵形鲳鲹的卵黄囊仔鱼在发育过程中利用脂类的规律具有相似性。     

布氏鲳鲹人工育苗试验的研究

~~布氏鲳鲹人工育苗试验的研究@杜涛$湛江海洋大学!524025 @罗杰$湛江海洋大学!524025~~~~~~     

PH3与CO2混合熏蒸防治椭圆食粉螨试验报告

试验依据ＣＯ２能使储藏物害虫增加对ＰＨ２的吸收，从而提高熏蒸杀虫效果的原理，通过组合不同浓度的ＰＨ３与ＣＯ２进行混合熏蒸防治椭圆食粉螨，并筛选出ＰＨ３与ＣＯ２混合熏蒸的最佳有效组合剂量，即ＰＨ３剂量１～２ｇ／ｍ＾３，ＣＯ２浓度１６％～３２％。     

Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Vibrio vulnificus isolated from diseased Trachinotus ovatus in cage mariculture

In October 2005, an infectious disease occurred as outbreaks of high mortality within one week, which was responsible for important economic losses in intensive culture of Trachinotus ovatus around the Gulf Coast of Yangjiang city (Guangdong Province, China). The present study documented the causative agent of the diseased fish suffering from external haemorrhages and ulcers, haemorrhagic gills, livers and intestine. The strain was isolated from the diseased fish by ZoBell 2216 E agar and confirmed the pathogenicity by challenge experiments. Biochemically, the strain showed properties and biochemical characteristics similar to Vibrio vulnificus, with the exception of several atypical biochemical characteristics, especially the sucrose-positive. Meanwhile, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the hemolysin gene revealed that the isolated strain was highly homogeneous with V. vulnificus. To sum up, the isolated strain was confirmed as V. vulnificus on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequences and sequence analysis of the hemolysin gene. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the V. vulnificus infection in T. ovatus.     

Effects of fish meal replacement with low-gossypol cottonseed meal on the intestinal barrier of juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

The effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with low-gossypol cottonseed meal (LCSM) on the intestinal barrier in different segments (PI, proximal intestine; MI, middle intestine; DI, distal intestine) were studied in juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) using 6-week feeding trials. FM of 0% (diet_1), 20% (diet_2), 40% (diet_3) and 60% (diet_4) was replaced by LCSM. The FM-based diet (diet_1) containing 25% FM was used as control group. The intestinal morphology, mRNA expression of tight junction-related genes (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-12), antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT, GPx, GR, CuZnSOD) and non-specific immune response-related genes (IL-8, TNF-α, C4) and microbiota of different intestine segments were detected. The results showed that the number and length of microvilli and intestinal wall thickness decreased significantly in PI of diet_3 and diet_4 groups. Meanwhile, mRNA expression of Occludin, Clauding-12 and C4 was up-regulated in PI and DI of diet_3 group; the expression of GR and CuZnSOD was up-regulated in PI and MI with increasing LCSM replacement; the expression of TNF-α was up-regulated in the three segments of diet_3 group. Further, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed a significant reduction in the richness and diversity of intestinal microbial in diet_3 and diet_4 groups. At the family level and genera level, the abundance of Nocardiaceae and Rhodococcus was up-regulated in the three segments of diet_3 and diet_4 groups respectively. These results suggested that the replacement of LCSM by more than 20% causes the intestinal barrier function of juvenile golden pompano to be affected. These provide a reference for sustainable aquaculture.     

红笛鲷和卵形鲳鲹鳃的扫描电镜观察与功能探讨

对两种鲈形目鱼类红笛鲷Lutjanus erythopterus和卵形鲳(鱼参) Trachinotus ovatus的鳃结构进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明,红笛鲷和卵形鲳(鱼参)鳃的表面结构和微细结构与其他硬骨鱼类基本相似,鳃丝表面都具有规则或不规则分布的环形微嵴、沟、坑、孔等结构。红笛鲷的中部鳃丝表面一部分较为平坦,基部鳃丝表面则凹凸不平。红笛鲷的鳃小片高度要较卵形鲳(鱼参)鳃小片高。红笛鲷和卵形鲳(鱼参)鳃上皮的几种细胞的形态结构及数量分布存在细微的差异。红笛鲷鳃上的扁平上皮细胞界限清楚,而卵形鲳(鱼参)鳃上扁平上皮细胞表面遍布不规则的微嵴,细胞界限模糊。红笛鲷鳃丝表面的氯细胞数量多于卵形鲳(鱼参),这可能与两种鱼对生活环境、生活习性的长期演变相关。     

金鲳低盐度养殖试验

利用2．4hm~2低产虾塘改造后试养金鲳,池水盐度5～12。投放2．5～3cm淡化金鲳苗和淡化的1．5cm斑节对虾苗及5～6cm鲻鱼苗。经近6个月养殖,共收获规格400～450g金鲳15185kg,斑节对虾1322kg,鲻2100kg,总产值58万元,纯利14．2万元。     

卵形鲳鲹对饲料中硒的需求量

为确定卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)对饲料中硒的需求量,选取初始体重为(15.04±0.20)g的卵形鲳鲹450尾,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾。分别投喂以亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3)为硒源,硒含量分别为0.41、0.60、0.73、0.80、0.90和1.12mg/kg的等氮等脂饲料50d。结果显示,随着饲料中硒含量的增加,卵形鲳鲹的增重率和特定生长率先升高后趋于稳定,饲料系数变化趋势与之相反。饲料中硒含量对全鱼体成分无显著影响(P>0.05)。血清白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量随饲料中硒含量的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,而血清碱性磷酸酶活性先升高后保持稳定。饲料中添加硒可以显著提高血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05),随着饲料中硒含量的增加,其谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈先升高后稳定的趋势,而超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势。饲料中不同硒水平显著影响了卵形鲳鲹全鱼中的硒含量(P<0.05),且随着饲料中硒含量的增加先上升后趋于稳定。折线回归分析表明,以增重率、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和全鱼中硒含量为评价指标,卵形鲳鲹对饲料中硒的需求量分别为0.66、0.82和0.76 mg/kg。     

一起卵形鲳鳞幼鱼死亡原因的调查

对发生于阳江市某网箱养殖场的卵形鲳鲹幼鱼大规模死亡进行了初步调查,发现病鱼症状为体色发黑、螺旋状或旋转游动、反应迟钝、厌食、无寄生虫及细菌感染,通过电镜负染发现有大小为30nm的病毒粒子,初步断定为神经坏死病毒感染。